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[435], Canada's media is highly autonomous, uncensored, diverse and very regionalized. [430], Numerous Canadian authors have accumulated international literary awards,[431] including novelist, poet, and literary critic Margaret Atwood, who received two Booker Prizes;[432] Nobel laureate Alice Munro, who has been called the best living writer of short stories in English;[433] and Booker Prize recipient Michael Ondaatje, who wrote the novel The English Patient, which was adapted as a film of the same name that won the Academy Award for Best Picture. 4,524,782. [147] Since the end of the last glacial period, Canada has consisted of eight distinct forest regions,[148] with 42 percent of its land area covered by forests (approximately 8 percent of the world's forested land). In Ontario, French has some legal status, but is not fully co-official. [292] Canada was the third country to design and construct a satellite after the Soviet Union and the United States, with the 1962 Alouette 1 launch. [56] To avert conflict in Quebec, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act 1774, expanding Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. [115] Canada also joined the Gulf War in 1990 as part of a United Statesled coalition force and was active in several peacekeeping missions in the 1990s, including the UNPROFOR mission in the former Yugoslavia. [228] For example, it maintains full relations with Cuba and declined to participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. Find out what document you need to travel, visit family and friends, do business, or transit through Canada, and how to extend your stay. [51], The English established additional settlements in Newfoundland in 1610 along with settlements in the Thirteen Colonies to the south. [260], In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016trillion. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. 49,871. [441] The largest of these corporations is the country's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which also plays a significant role in producing domestic cultural content, operating its own radio and TV networks in both English and French. [103][104] In 1999, Nunavut became Canada's third territory after a series of negotiations with the federal government. [13] By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "Realm of the Commonwealth". The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. COVID-19 booster dose. ", "2015 federal budget 'disappointing' for post-secondary students: CFS", "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019: Canada", "Government expenditure on education as% of GDP (%)", "Financial and human resources invested in Education", "Comparing countries' and economies' performances", "Canadian education among best in the world: OECD", "Canada Student performance (PISA 2015)", "The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity", "Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts", "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Canada [Country] Total Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households 25% sample data", "The Daily The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity", "The Daily Indigenous population continues to grow and is much younger than the non-Indigenous population, although the pace of growth has slowed", "Visible Minorities and Aboriginal Peoples in Vancouver's Labour Market", "The Daily Immigrants make up the largest share of the population in over 150 years and continue to shape who we are as Canadians", "2021 Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration", Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, "2006 Census: The Evolving Linguistic Portrait, 2006 Census: Highlights", Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages, International Journal of the Sociology of Language, "Indigenous Self-Determination: Is Canada as Good as it Gets? It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. [214] The role of Aboriginal law and the rights they support were reaffirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982. WebApply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. WebCanada is a vast and rugged land. [279] Canada has one of the highest levels of Internet access in the world, with over 33million users, equivalent to around 94 percent of its total 2014 population. Canada. [216] Canada's foreign policy based on international peacekeeping and security is carried out through coalitions and international organizations, and through the work of numerous federal institutions. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. [44] The early 16th century saw European mariners with navigational techniques pioneered by the Basque and Portuguese establish seasonal whaling and fishing outposts along the Atlantic coast. [372] Inuktitut is the majority language in Nunavut, and is one of three official languages in the territory. Here's how to protect yourself. These two colonies were collectively named the Canadas until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s C (70s F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30C (77 to 86F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40C (104F). In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. [299] Canada has one of the highest per-capita immigration rates in the world,[300] driven mainly by economic policy and also family reunification. [238] In August 2007, Canada's territorial claims in the Arctic were challenged after a Russian underwater expedition to the North Pole; Canada has considered that area to be sovereign territory since 1925. 49,871. [50] The Beaver Wars broke out in the mid-17th century over control of the North American fur trade. [60] The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence. [349] The major panethnic groups chosen were: European (52.5percent), North American (22.9percent), Asian (19.3percent), North American Indigenous (6.1percent), African (3.8percent), Latin, Central and South American (2.5percent), Caribbean (2.1percent), Oceanian (0.3percent), and other (6percent). New Brunswick was in turn split from Nova Scotia as part of a reorganization of Loyalist settlements in the Maritimes, which led to the incorporation of Saint John, New Brunswick, as Canada's first city. Many moved to Canada, particularly Atlantic Canada, where their arrival changed the demographic distribution of the existing territories. [269] Canada has a strong cooperative banking sector, with the world's highest per-capita membership in credit unions. French version of the poster roughly translates as "They serve FranceEveryone can serve; Buy Victory Bonds". [373], Additionally, Canada is home to many sign languages, some of which are Indigenous. [365], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. [35] The Crown and Indigenous peoples began interactions during the European colonization period, though the Inuit, in general, had more limited interaction with European settlers. [223] Canada joined the Organization of American States (OAS) in 1990 and hosted the OAS General Assembly in 2000 and the 3rd Summit of the Americas in 2001. [355] The Indigenous population representing 5percent or 1.8 million individuals, grew by 9.4percent compared to the non-Indigenous population, which grew by 5.3percent from 2016 to 2021. A house was sold without the owners' consent. [422] Material items such as Canadian beer, maple syrup, tuques, canoes, nanaimo bars, butter tarts and the Quebec dish of poutine are defined as uniquely Canadian. Canada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 [336] Established in 1663, Universit Laval is the oldest post-secondary institution in Canada. [261], Since the early 20th century, the growth of Canada's manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy to an urbanized, industrial one. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. [412] During the 20th century, Canadians with African, Caribbean and Asian nationalities have added to the Canadian identity and its culture. [243] Canada's military currently has over 3000 personnel deployed overseas in multiple operations, such as Operation Snowgoose in Cyprus, Operation Unifier supporting Ukraine, Operation Caribbe in the Caribbean Sea, and Operation Impact, a coalition for the military intervention against ISIL. Canada - CBC News. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. The future of the permafrost is uncertain because the Arctic has been warming at three times the global average as a result of climate change in Canada. [293] Canada is a participant in the International Space Station (ISS), and is a pioneer in space robotics, having constructed the Canadarm, Canadarm2 and Dextre robotic manipulators for the ISS and NASA's Space Shuttle. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. [256] Canada's economy ranks above the U.S. and most western European nations on The Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom[257] and experiences a relatively low level of income disparity. [310][311] It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984[312] and is universal. [321] Canada has one of the highest rates of adult obesity among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, contributing to approximately 2.7million cases of diabetes (types 1 and 2 combined). Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Its advanced economy is the eighth-largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. [26], The Indigenous population at the time of the first European settlements is estimated to have been between 200,000[27] and two million,[28] with a figure of 500,000 accepted by Canada's Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. COVID-19 vaccines have helped protect us. [131] Boreal forests prevail throughout the country, ice is prominent in northern Arctic regions and through the Rocky Mountains, and the relatively flat Canadian Prairies in the southwest facilitate productive agriculture. The primary characteristics of Canadian humour are irony, parody, and satire. Zellers canada locations 2023. [12], Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the legal name for the new country at the London Conference, and the word Dominion was conferred as the country's title. WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . [447] Historically, the Catholic Church was the primary patron of art in New France and early Canada, especially Quebec,[448] and in later times, artists have combined British, French, Indigenous and American artistic traditions, at times embracing European styles while working to promote nationalism. [308] The most densely populated part of the country, accounting for nearly 50 percent, is the Quebec CityWindsor Corridor in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence River. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. [85] Out of approximately 625,000 Canadians who served in World War I, some 60,000 were killed and another 172,000 were wounded. [67] The signing of the Oregon Treaty by Britain and the United States in 1846 ended the Oregon boundary dispute, extending the border westward along the 49th parallel. [389][390] Rates of religious adherence are steadily decreasing. [85], The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939. WebVisit our Campus. [199] The bank does not issue Canadian coins; they are issued by the Royal Canadian Mint. A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. [472], Canada shares several major professional sports leagues with the United States. Canada is part of several major international and intergovernmental institutions or groupings including the United Nations, NATO, G7, Group of Ten, G20, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Trade Organization (WTO), Commonwealth of Nations, Arctic Council, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, and Organization of American States. [370] There are 11 Indigenous language groups, composed of more than 65 distinct languages and dialects. [204], Canada's judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down Acts of Parliament that violate the constitution. Canada is a country in North America. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [208] Law enforcement, including criminal courts, is officially a provincial responsibility, conducted by provincial and municipal police forces. [10] Cartier later used the word Canada to refer not only to that particular village but to the entire area subject to Donnacona (the chief at Stadacona);[10] by 1545, European books and maps had begun referring to this small region along the Saint Lawrence River as Canada. [380] With Christianity in decline after having once been central and integral to Canadian culture and daily life,[381] Canada has become a post-Christian, secular state. [290] Canada has a long history of discovery in genetics, which include stem cells, site-directed mutagenesis, T-cell receptor and the identification of the genes that cause Fanconi anemia, cystic fibrosis and early-onset Alzheimer's disease, among numerous other diseases. In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. [457] Canada has developed a vast music infrastructure that includes church halls, chamber halls, conservatories, academies, performing arts centres, record companies, radio stations and television music video channels. [449] The nature of Canadian art reflects these diverse origins, as artists have taken their traditions and adapted these influences to reflect the reality of their lives in Canada. [455] Associated with the group was another prominent Canadian artist, Emily Carr, known for her landscapes and portrayals of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. [95], Canada's post-war economic growth, combined with the policies of successive Liberal governments, led to the emergence of a new Canadian identity, marked by the adoption of the Maple Leaf Flag in 1965,[96] the implementation of official bilingualism (English and French) in 1969,[97] and the institution of official multiculturalism in 1971. The territories being creatures of the federal government, changes to their role and division of powers may be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual (English and French) at the federal level. [425] An image of the previous monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, appears on $20 bank notes, and on the obverse of all current Canadian coins. [375] Due to its historical relation to the francophone culture, Quebec Sign Language (LSQ) is used primarily in Quebec, although there are sizeable Francophone communities in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. [270], Canada is one of the few developed nations that are net exporters of energy. 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